Mustis — born in Norway in 1979, given name Øyvind Mustaparta — was Dimmu Borgir's keyboard player between 1998 and 2009, the period in which the band reached its largest audience. His function is central to the formula that separated Dimmu Borgir from the rest of Norwegian black metal. Where the genre practised raw production and refused any ornament, the band built a sound on symphonic orchestrations, choirs and keyboard layers — and Mustis is the one who wrote and performed much of that material. He is on Spiritual Black Dimensions (1999), Puritanical Euphoric Misanthropia (2001), Death Cult Armageddon (2003), recorded with a full symphony orchestra, and In Sorte Diaboli (2007). His departure in 2009 was litigious: Mustis publicly claimed he had received no songwriting credit for the material he wrote over a decade, and the case became an open dispute with the band. It is an episode that exposes a recurring and little-discussed question in metal — the distance between who performs and who signs the authorship. He left the band in the same period as ICS Vortex, closing the line-up that recorded Dimmu Borgir's best-known records.
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